Convergent Depositionhttps://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/Recent content on Convergent DepositionHugoen-usAbouthttps://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/about/Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/about/<h2 id="founder-and-principal-consultant">Founder and Principal Consultant</h2> <img class="founder-photo" src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/Mike_Brazil.jpg" alt="Michael Brazil, founder and principal consultant"> <p>Michael Brazil is a materials scientist who has spent four decades developing coatings and manufacturing processes that provide novel properties for commercial applications. His primary emphasis has been vacuum-deposited coatings, and he is considered an expert in reactive magnetron sputtering.</p> <p>He established core technologies that enable the energy conservation of low-emissivity windows. His work has included the frontiers of electrochromic technology and the development of roll-to-roll processing methods for transparent conductors, flexible circuits, stealth coatings, and other applications.</p>Clients and Beneficiarieshttps://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/clients/Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/clients/<p>Organizations that have benefited directly from my services include:</p> <div class="cd-client-logos"> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/Atomica.jpg" alt="Atomica"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/Corning.jpg" alt="Corning"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/Denton.jpg" alt="Denton Vacuum"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/guardian.jpg" alt="Guardian Industries"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/presstek.jpg" alt="Presstek"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/rhythmlink.jpg" alt="Rhythmlink"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/seagate.jpg" alt="Seagate"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/southwall.jpg" alt="Southwall"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/xinyi.jpg" alt="Xinyi"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/epv_solar.png" alt="EPV Solar"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/O_and_S.png" alt="O&amp;S Research"></div> <div class="cd-client-logo"><img src="https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/images/VTI.png" alt="Vergason Technology"></div> </div> <ul> <li>Atomica — Santa Barbara</li> <li>Rhythmlink</li> <li>Vergason Technology</li> <li>Corning</li> <li>Xinyi</li> <li>EPV Solar</li> <li>Guardian Industries</li> <li>Denton Vacuum</li> <li>O&amp;S Research</li> <li>LightMatrix</li> <li>Indel</li> <li>Presstek</li> <li>Seagate</li> <li>Southwall</li> <li>Airco Solar Coatings</li> </ul>Contacthttps://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/contact/Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/contact/<p>Use the form below to describe your project or area of interest. Fields marked with an asterisk are required.</p> <form class="contact-form" action="https://formspree.io/f/xaeejgoz" method="POST"> <input type="hidden" name="_subject" value="Website inquiry — Convergent Deposition"> <div class="bot-trap" aria-hidden="true"> <label for="contact-website">Leave this field blank</label> <input id="contact-website" name="_gotcha" type="text" tabindex="-1" autocomplete="off"> </div> <p><label for="contact-name">Name <span aria-hidden="true">*</span></label> <input id="contact-name" name="name" type="text" autocomplete="name" required></p> <p><label for="contact-company">Company</label> <input id="contact-company" name="company" type="text" autocomplete="organization"></p> <p><label for="contact-email">Email <span aria-hidden="true">*</span></label> <input id="contact-email" name="email" type="email" autocomplete="email" required></p> <p><label for="contact-phone">Phone</label> <input id="contact-phone" name="phone" type="tel" autocomplete="tel"></p> <p><label for="contact-message">Message / Interest <span aria-hidden="true">*</span></label></p> <textarea id="contact-message" name="message" rows="7" required></textarea> <p><button type="submit">Send message</button></p> </form>Expertise: Materials and Analysishttps://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/materials-analysis/Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/materials-analysis/<h2 id="substrates">Substrates</h2> <ul> <li><strong>Metals:</strong> machined and extruded</li> <li><strong>Glass:</strong> float, molded, and web</li> <li><strong>Plastics:</strong> molded parts and rolled film/web</li> </ul> <h2 id="coating-materials-and-films">Coating materials and films</h2> <p><strong>Metals</strong></p> <ul> <li>Chromium (Cr)</li> <li>Nickel-chromium (NiCr)</li> <li>Copper (Cu)</li> <li>Aluminum (Al)</li> </ul> <p><strong>Oxides, ceramics, and nitrides</strong></p> <ul> <li>Indium tin oxide (ITO)</li> <li>Aluminum zinc oxide (AZO)</li> <li>SiOₓ and SiOₓHᵧ, deposited by evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, or ion gun</li> <li>Tantalum pentoxide (Ta₂O₅)</li> <li>TiN, AlTiN, and AlTiSiN</li> <li>Chromium nitride (CrN)</li> <li>Tungsten trioxide (WO₃)</li> </ul> <h2 id="measurement-and-characterization">Measurement and characterization</h2> <ul> <li>Appearance: colorimetry and gloss</li> <li>Spectrophotometry</li> <li>Ellipsometry</li> <li>Interferometry</li> <li>Electron microscopy: scanning, transmission, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)</li> <li>X-ray diffraction (XRD)</li> <li>X-ray reflectometry (XRR)</li> <li>Optical microscopy</li> <li>Crystallography</li> <li>Stress measurement by XRD and substrate curvature</li> <li>Surface texture by profilometry and scatterometry</li> </ul>Expertise: Methodshttps://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/methods/Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/methods/<h2 id="vacuum-deposition">Vacuum deposition</h2> <p><strong>Physical vapor deposition (PVD)</strong></p> <ul> <li>Magnetron sputtering</li> <li>Reactive magnetron sputtering</li> <li>Evaporation: thermal, electron-beam, and cathodic arc</li> <li>Ion-beam sputtering</li> </ul> <p><strong>Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)</strong></p> <h2 id="liquid-and-powder-processes">Liquid and powder processes</h2> <ul> <li>Liquid spray</li> <li>Powder coating</li> <li>Electrostatic coating</li> </ul> <h2 id="specialized-software">Specialized software</h2> <ul> <li><strong>Optical coating design:</strong> OptiLayer, Essential Macleod, TFCalc, WVASE</li> <li><strong>Finite-element modeling:</strong> FreeCAD, Gmsh, Elmer, ParaView</li> <li><strong>Statistics:</strong> Minitab, JMP</li> </ul> <h2 id="other-methods-of-general-familiarity">Other methods of general familiarity</h2> <p><strong>Printing and patterning:</strong> screen printing, pad printing, inkjet printing, photolithography, offset printing, xerography, aerosol jet, lithographic printing plates</p>Expertise: Products and Applicationshttps://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/expertise-products/Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000https://companywebsite-f57399.gitlab.io/expertise-products/<p>Our experience spans coating systems, functional films, optical components, and manufacturing applications, including:</p> <ul> <li>Transparent electrical conductors (TCOs) for displays</li> <li>Flexible circuits for printers</li> <li>Stealth coatings for air and ground vehicles</li> <li>Photovoltaics</li> <li>Energy-control windows</li> <li>Electrochromic windows</li> <li>Antireflective coatings for glass and plastic</li> <li>Surface-energy coatings, including hydrophobic and hydrophilic finishes and antifingerprint coatings for handheld devices</li> <li>Temporary and permanent antiscratch coatings for glass display components</li> <li>Magnetic recording media</li> <li>PVD chrome as a replacement for electroplating on plastic</li> <li>Metal layers for MEMS devices</li> <li>Dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) filters for telecommunications</li> <li>Tribological coatings for cutting tools</li> <li>Lithographic printing plates</li> <li>High-reflectivity silver coatings</li> </ul>